Scientific Abstract

Background: Veterans are at-risk for mental and physical health problems but are less likely to seek traditional healthcare services and can benefit from wellness-based programs. This study explores the efficacy and preliminary impact of a 3-month health and fitness program for veterans (Warrior Health and Fitness).

Methods: Participants were cleared by a physician to participate, then completed a fitness test as well as self-reported surveys (i.e., well-being, depression, pain intensity, global health) before and after the 3-month program. Participants were recruited to participate at one of three facilities in Boston, MA, Fort Myers, FL, or Tampa, FL. The 3-month program consisted of weekly, supervised group fitness sessions, nutritional consults, yoga and other wellness activities. Primary program outcomes included biomarkers, physiological, and psychological variables.

Results: From May 2021-December 2022, 420 veterans expressed interest in the WHF program, and 229 attended at least one workout. 154 completed pre- and post-program psychological outcome surveys, and 101 completed pre- and post-program physical assessments.  145 veterans participated for the entire 3 months. Participants experienced improvements on measures of general health, wellbeing, and grip strength, and saw reductions in waist-to-hip ratio, BMI, and body fat (p<0.05). Self-reported pain increased post-program, which may indicate increased muscle soreness.

Conclusion: These data suggest that a 3-month health and fitness program for veterans is feasible and may improve physical and mental health outcomes. Next steps include testing this program in more diverse geographical and demographic areas. Future strategies to improve program and assessment retention should be considered.